摘要
目的 为了解青年肿瘤患者病耻感情况及影响因素，并探究同伴支持下数字化干预对于缓解病耻感的效果。方法 为便利抽样，选择2022年6月-2023年12月我院肿瘤科住院治疗18～40岁青年肿瘤患者126例，用社会影响量表（Social Impact Scale, SIS）测评基线病耻感水平，随机分为干预组63例和对照组63例，干预组实施为期12周基于微信小程序的同伴支持数字化干预。结果 青年肿瘤患者基线SIS总分：干预组（68.9±9.3）分，对照组（67.8±10.1）分，总体（68.4±9.7）分属于中等水平；经干预后，干预组病耻感总分及社会排斥、经济歧视、内在羞耻感、社会隔离四个维度评分均显著低于对照组（P＜0.05），干预组自我效能感显著提高，心理健康水平有所改善，提示干预可提升自我效能并改善心理健康。结论 青年肿瘤患者普遍存在中等水平的病耻感，同伴支持数字化干预可有效降低病耻感、改善心理健康，值得临床推广。
关键词： 青年肿瘤患者；病耻感；同伴支持；数字化干预；心理健康
Abstract
Objective To understand the situation of stigma in young cancer patients and its influencing factors, and to explore the effect of digital intervention based on peer support in alleviating stigma. Methods For convenience sampling. 126 young cancer patients aged 18-40 years who were hospitalized in the oncology department of our hospital from June 2022 to December 2023 were selected. The baseline stigma level was evaluated using the Social Impact Scale (SIS). They were randomly divided into the intervention group (63 cases) and the control group (63 cases). The intervention group implemented a 12-week digital intervention based on the WeChat mini-program with peer support. Results The baseline SIS total score of young cancer patients: intervention group (68.9 ± 9.3) points, control group (67.8 ± 10.1) points, the overall score (68.4 ± 9.7) points belongs to the medium level; after the intervention, the total score of stigma and the scores of social exclusion, economic discrimination, internal shame, and social isolation in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The self-efficacy of the intervention group significantly increased, and the mental health level improved, suggesting that the intervention can enhance self-efficacy and improve mental health. Conclusion Young cancer patients generally have a medium level of stigma. Digital intervention based on peer support can effectively reduce stigma and improve mental health, and it is worthy of clinical promotion.
Key words： Young cancer patients; Stigma; Peer support; Digital intervention; Mental health
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