Analysis of the current status of artificial intelligence application in nursing decision-making and the causes of decision bias
人工智能在护理决策中的应用现状及决策偏差原因分析

摘要

目的 分析人工智能在护理决策中的应用现状，探讨不同层级护士使用人工智能（Artificial Intelligence,AI）进行护理决策时发生偏差的原因，提出针对性改进策略，以减少偏差发生率，提升护理决策的科学性与安全性。方法 在本院人工智能框架下，选取心内科及心脏监护室（Coronary Care Unit, CCU）36名护士（N1级16名、N2级10名、N3级10名），对其护理的200名患者的护理评估及计划进行审合，分析决策偏差的发生情况及原因。结果 AI辅助护理决策的偏差率达15%，其中护士过于依赖人工智能占比10%，其余原因包括AI框架不完善、临床经验不足、未充分结合患者个体情况使用AI等。AI作为辅助工具，无法替代护士的专业判断与人文关怀。结论 人工智能是护理决策的重要辅助工具，但不能替代护士的专业判断与临床思维。临床应合理使用AI，加强护士应用能力，完善AI框架与决策流程，避免过度依赖，从而减少决策偏差，提升护理决策质量。

Abstract

Objective To analyze the current status of artificial intelligence (AI) application in nursing decision-making, explore the causes of biases when nurses at different levels use AI for nursing decisions, and propose targeted improvement strategies to reduce the incidence of biases and improve the scientificity and safety of nursing decisions.
Methods Under the AI framework of our hospital, 36 nurses (16 at level N1, 10 at level N2, and 10 at level N3) were selected from the cardiology department and Coronary Care Unit (CCU). The nursing assessments and plans for 200 patients under their care were reviewed, and the occurrence and causes of decision biases were analyzed.
Results The bias rate of AI-assisted nursing decision-making reached 15%, of which 10% was due to nurses over-reliance on AI. Other causes included an imperfect AI framework, insufficient clinical experience, and failure to fully integrate AI with individual patient conditions. AI, as an auxiliary tool, cannot replace nurses’ professional judgment and humanistic care.
Conclusion   Artificial intelligence is an important auxiliary tool for nursing decision-making, but it cannot replace nurses’ professional judgment and clinical thinking. Clinical practice should utilize AI rationally, enhance nurses’ application capabilities, improve AI frameworks and decision-making processes, and avoid over-reliance, thereby reducing decision-making bias and improving the quality of nursing decisions.