Nursing effect of enteral nutrition via nasogastric tube in patients with dysphagia in neurosurgery
神经外科吞咽障碍患者鼻胃管肠内营养治疗的护理效果

摘要

目的 探讨神经外科吞咽障碍患者鼻胃管肠内营养治疗的护理效果。方法 运用随机数字表法，将84例（2024年11月-2025年11月）患者分为2组，即观察组（综合护理，n=42例），对照组（常规护理，n=42例）。比较两组患者营养状况、吞咽功能、睡眠情况、风险事件。结果 护理前4项营养指标可比（P>0.05），护理后指标提高，且与对照组相比观察组更高（P<0.05）。护理前洼田饮水试验评分可比（P>0.05），护理后评分降低，与对照组相比观察组更低，且观察组可饮水、进食所用时间更低（P<0.05）。护理前匹兹堡睡眠指数问卷（Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI）评分可比（P>0.05），护理后均降低且观察组更低（P<0.05）。5项风险事件对比，观察组更低（0.00% VS9.52%）（P<0.05）。结论 对进行鼻胃管肠内营养治疗的神经外科吞咽障碍患者实行综合护理，可有效改善患者的营养状态，其吞咽功能进一步提高，其睡眠情况得到改善，风险事件占比明显减少，值得推广。

Abstract

Objective To explore the nursing effect of enteral nutrition via nasogastric tube in patients with dysphagia in neurosurgery.
Methods Using the random number table method, 84 patients (from December 2024 to November 2025) were divided into 2 groups, namely the observation group (comprehensive nursing, n = 42 cases) and the control group (conventional nursing, n = 42 cases). The nutritional status, swallowing function, sleep condition, and risk events of the two groups were compared.
Results Before nursing, the 4 nutritional indicators of the two groups were comparable (P > 0.05), and the indicators improved after nursing, and the observation group was higher than the control group (P < 0.05). Before the Watian Drinking Test, the scores of the two groups were comparable (P > 0.05), and the scores decreased after nursing, and the observation group was lower than the control group, and the time taken for the observation group to drink and eat was shorter (P < 0.05). Before the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score, the two groups were comparable (P > 0.05), and the scores decreased after nursing, and the observation group was lower (0.00% VS 9.52%); (P < 0.05). Comparison of 5 risk events showed that the observation group had lower scores (0.00% VS 9.52%); (P < 0.05).
Conclusion   Implementing comprehensive nursing for patients with dysphagia in neurosurgery undergoing enteral nutrition via nasogastric tube can effectively improve the nutritional status of patients, further improve their swallowing function, improve their sleep condition, significantly reduce the proportion of risk events, and is worthy of promotion.