Effect analysis of group rehabilitation combined with dietary nursing on long-term hospitalized psychiatric patients with metabolic syndrome
团体康复联合饮食护理对长期住院精神病患者合并代谢综合征的效果分析

摘要

目的 通过分析团体康复联合饮食管理干预模式，对长期住院精神病合并代谢综合征患者躯体代谢指标、生活质量的改善效果，为临床制定长期住院精神疾病患者躯体共病综合干预方案提供参考。方法 选取我院长期住院且合并代谢综合征的精神病患者80例，随机分为对照组与观察组，各40例。对照组实施精神科常规治疗、护理及基础健康宣教，观察组在对照组基础上增加为期12周的团体康复训练与系统化饮食管理干预。对比两组干预前后体重指数（BMI）、腰围、空腹血糖、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇等代谢指标及血压。结果 干预前两组各项指标差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；干预12周后，观察组BMI、腰围、空腹血糖、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇等代谢指标水平显著低于对照组，血压显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 团体康复联合饮食管理可有效改善长期住院精神病合并代谢综合征患者的代谢异常状况，改善精神症状，提升生活质量与自我管理能力，是一种安全、有效、可推广的临床干预模式。

Abstract

Objective To analyze the improvement effect of group rehabilitation combined with dietary management intervention on somatic metabolic indicators and quality of life in long-term hospitalized psychiatric patients with metabolic syndrome (MS), so as to provide evidence for formulating comprehensive intervention strategies for somatic comorbidities in long-term hospitalized psychiatric patients.
Methods A total of 80 long-term hospitalized psychiatric patients with MS in our hospital were enrolled and randomly divided into a control group (n=40) and an observation group (n=40) using a random number table method. The control group received conventional psychiatric treatment, nursing care and basic health education, while the observation group was given an additional 12-week group rehabilitation training and systematic dietary management intervention on the basis of the control group. Metabolic indicators including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, fasting blood glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and blood pressure were compared between the two groups before and after intervention.
Results Before intervention, there was no statistically significant difference in all indicators between the two groups (P>0.05). After 12 weeks of intervention, the levels of metabolic indicators including BMI, waist circumference, fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group, and blood pressure was also markedly lower in the observation group (P<0.05).
Conclusion   Group rehabilitation combined with diet management can effectively ameliorate metabolic abnormalities, relieve psychiatric symptoms, and improve the quality of life and self-management ability in long-term hospitalized patients with psychosis complicated by metabolic syndrome, serving as a safe, effective and promotable clinical intervention model.