Clinical efficacy of rehabilitation nursing in postoperative care of spinal fracture with spinal cord injury
脊柱骨折伴脊髓损伤术后护理中行康复护理的临床疗效

摘要

目的 本研究旨在评估康复护理干预对脊柱骨折伴脊髓损伤患者术后恢复的临床疗效。方法 选取2023年1月-2025年1月在某医院治疗的86例脊柱骨折伴脊髓损伤患者，随机分为实验组和对照组，每组43例。对照组接受常规护理；实验组在常规护理的基础上，接受为期3个月的康复护理干预，内容包括良肢位摆放、被动关节活动、主动运动训练、日常生活训练和心理干预。术前和术后3个月对两组患者进行ASIA评分、FIM评分和并发症发生情况的比较。结果 实验组干预后ASIA评分和FIM评分均显著高于对照组（P＜0.05），表明康复护理显著改善了运动功能和日常生活能力。实验组的并发症总发生率（9.30%）显著低于对照组（25.58%）（P＜0.05）。此外，实验组的肺功能和生存质量也有显著改善。结论 康复护理作为脊髓损伤患者术后康复的重要组成部分，值得在临床中广泛推广应用。

Abstract

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of rehabilitation nursing intervention on postoperative recovery in patients with spinal fracture complicated by spinal cord injury.
Methods A total of 86 patients with spinal fracture and spinal cord injury treated in a hospital from January 2023 to January 2025 were selected and randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group, with 43 cases in each group. The control group received routine nursing care, while the experimental group received additional rehabilitation nursing intervention for 3 months on the basis of routine care. The intervention included proper limb positioning, passive joint activities, active exercise training, daily living training, and psychological intervention. The American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) score, Functional Independence Measure (FIM) score, and incidence of complications were compared between the two groups before surgery and 3 months after surgery.
Results The ASIA and FIM scores of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group after intervention (P < 0.05), indicating that rehabilitation nursing significantly improved motor function and daily living ability. The total incidence of complications in the experimental group (9.30%) was significantly lower than that in the control group (25.58%) (P < 0.05). In addition, pulmonary function and quality of life in the experimental group were also significantly improved.
Conclusion   As an important component of postoperative rehabilitation for patients with spinal cord injury, rehabilitation nursing deserves widespread clinical application.