摘要
目的 自体动静脉内瘘作为维系慢性肾脏病患者行血液透析的重要通路，其通畅性直接关系到透析效果与患者的长期生存质量，因此本文探讨早期分级个性化防控护理在血液透析患者自体动静脉内瘘血栓预防中的应用效果。方法 对在我院接受自体动静脉内瘘血液透析治疗的患者分别采取常规护理和早期分级个性化防控护理，对比两组患者的应用效果。结果 观察组患者的内瘘血流速度和血管内径以及生存质量评分和护理满意度均显著优于对照组，动静脉内瘘血栓发生率和内瘘功能异常的发生率显著降低，P＜0.05，组间存在对比性。结论 早期分级个性化防控护理在血液透析患者自体动静脉内瘘血栓预防中具有显著的应用价值，应予以广泛应用。
关键词： 早期分级个性化防控护理；血液透析；自体动静脉内瘘；血栓预防
Abstract
Objective As a vital access for hemodialysis in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, the patency of autologous arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) directly impacts dialysis efficacy and patients' long-term quality of life. This study investigated the effectiveness of early graded personalized prevention and control nursing in thrombosis prevention for AVF-related complications in hemodialysis patients. Methods Patients receiving AVF hemodialysis at our hospital were divided into two groups—standard care and early graded personalized prevention and control nursing—and their outcomes were compared. Results The observation group demonstrated significantly better fistula blood flow velocity, vascular lumen diameter, quality of life scores, and nursing satisfaction compared to the control group. Both the incidence of AVF thrombosis and functional abnormalities were markedly reduced (P<0.05), showing statistically significant differences between groups. Conclusion Early graded personalized prevention and control nursing demonstrates substantial clinical value in preventing thrombosis for AVF-related complications in hemodialysis patients and should be widely implemented.
Key words： Early graded personalized prevention and control nursing; Hemodialysis; Autologous arteriovenous fistula; Thrombosis prevention
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