Construction and application of a rehabilitation program combining core muscle training and health education after lumbar disc herniation surgery
腰椎间盘突出症术后核心肌群训练联合健康教育的康复方案构建与应用

摘要

目的 验证融合核心肌群训练与健康教育对腰椎间盘突出症术后患者功能恢复的干预效应。方法 选取我院脊柱外科2023年1月至12月符合标准的腰椎术后病例50例，依据康复方案差异分为对照组（传统康复）与观察组（核心训练+健康教育），每组各25例。采用疼痛视觉模拟评分量表（VAS）、Oswestry功能障碍指数（ODI）、核心肌群肌力测试系统评估术前、术后1月、3月、6月的功能指标；记录并发症发生情况。结果 观察组术后3个月VAS评分（2.1±0.8 vs 3.9±1.1，t=9.41，P<0.001）、ODI指数（15.3±4.2% vs 27.6±5.7%，t=12.83，P<0.001）低于对照组；核心肌群肌力（腹横肌：82.5±6.4N vs 65.2±8.1N，t=11.79，P<0.001）优于对照组。并发症总发生率观察组为8.0%，对照组为22.0%（P=0.006）。术后6个月SF-36生理职能维度（85.4±6.3 vs 72.1±7.8，t=9.12，P<0.001）观察组更佳。结论 核心肌群训练联合健康教育能够改善腰椎术后患者疼痛控制能力、提升脊柱稳定功能、降低并发症风险。

Abstract

Objective To verify the intervention effect of fusion core muscle group training and health education on functional recovery of postoperative patients with lumbar disc herniation.
Methods Fifty eligible postoperative cases of lumbar spine surgery from January to December 2023 in our spinal surgery department were selected and divided into a control group (traditional rehabilitation) and an observation group (core training+health education) based on differences in rehabilitation plans, with 25 cases in each group. Use the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and Core Muscle Strength Testing System to evaluate functional indicators before surgery and at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery; Record the occurrence of complications.
Results The VAS score (2.1±0.8 vs 3.9±1.1, t=9.41, P<0.001) and ODI index (15.3±4.2% vs 27.6±5.7%, t=12.83, P<0.001) of the observation group were lower than those of the control group at 3 months after surgery; The core muscle strength (transverse abdominis: 82.5±6.4N vs 65.2±8.1N, t=11.79, P<0.001) was superior to the control group. The total incidence of complications was 8.0% in the observation group and 22.0% in the control group (P=0.006). Six months after surgery, the SF-36 physiological function dimension was better in the observation group (85.4±6.3 vs 72.1±7.8, t=9.12, P<0.001).
Conclusion   Core muscle group training combined with health education can improve pain control ability, enhance spinal stability function, and reduce the risk of complications in patients after lumbar spine surgery.