Research progress on factors affecting poor postoperative healing of periapical cysts
根尖囊肿术后愈合不佳因素研究进展

摘要

根尖囊肿是口腔科常见牙源性囊肿，由牙髓炎治疗不彻底引发，系牙根尖周炎症导致的颌骨内炎性囊肿，在牙源性囊肿中发生率达37.9%～84.5%。其致病核心为牙髓坏死，细菌感染、炎症扩散亦为重要诱因。临床治疗遵循个体化原则，常规采用囊肿刮治术联合患牙根尖术，体积较大者以开窗减压术为主。虽外科技术进步改善了患者预后，但术后感染、复发等导致的愈合不良仍较常见，影响治疗效果。本文结合循证医学证据，系统分析术后愈合影响因素并探讨针对性预防策略，为临床治疗管理提供理论支撑。

Abstract

Root apex cyst is a common odontogenic cyst in dentistry, which is caused by incomplete treatment of pulpitis and is an inflammatory cyst in the jawbone caused by periapical inflammation of the tooth root. Its incidence rate in odontogenic cysts is 37.9% to 84.5%. The pathogenic core is pulp necrosis, and bacterial infection and inflammation spread are also important triggers. Clinical treatment follows the principle of individualization, with routine use of cyst curettage combined with root apex surgery. For larger volumes, window decompression is the main method. Although advances in surgical techniques have improved patient prognosis, poor healing caused by postoperative infections, relapses, and other factors are still common and affect treatment outcomes. This article combines evidence-based medicine to systematically analyze the factors affecting postoperative healing and explore targeted prevention strategies, providing theoretical support for clinical treatment management.