A study on the prevalence and influencing factors of cognitive impairment among rural elderly in Haiyan county
海盐县农村老年人认知障碍患病及影响因素研究

摘要

目的 探讨海盐县农村老年人认知障碍的患病率及其相关影响因素研究。方法 本研究基于浙江省老年人健康队列，于2021年1月至2023年12月期间，采用多阶段整群抽样法选取海盐县9个镇街中随机3个镇/街中的常住老年人1800例作为研究对象。通过问卷调查、体格检查及简易精神状态检查（MMSE）进行评估。采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析认知障碍的独立影响因素。结果 1800名老年人中，认知障碍检出率为18.33%（330/1800）。多因素分析显示，高龄（≥75岁）、低教育水平（小学及以下）、独居、体力活动不足、饮茶频率低、患有高血压或糖尿病、有脑卒中病史及抑郁症状是认知障碍的独立危险因素（均P<0.05）。结论 海盐县农村老年人认知障碍患病情况受多种因素影响，应针对相关因素采取综合干预措施，提高老年人认知健康水平。

Abstract

Objective To investigate the prevalence of cognitive impairment and its related influencing factors among rural elderly in Haiyan County.
Methods Based on the Zhejiang Elderly Health Cohort, this study selected 1,800 permanent residents aged 60 and above from three randomly chosen towns/streets out of nine in Haiyan County using a multi-stage cluster sampling method between January 2021 and December 2023. Assessments were conducted via questionnaires, physical examinations, and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to identify independent risk factors for cognitive impairment.
Results Among the 1,800 elderly participants, the cognitive impairment detection rate was 18.33% (330/1,800). Multivariate analysis revealed that advanced age (≥75 years), low education level (primary school or below), living alone, insufficient physical activity, infrequent tea consumption, having hypertension or diabetes, a history of stroke, and depressive symptoms were independent risk factors for cognitive impairment (all P<0.05).
Conclusion   The prevalence of cognitive impairment among rural elderly in Haiyan County is influenced by multiple factors, necessitating comprehensive interventions targeting these related factors to improve cognitive health among the elderly.