摘要
目的 分析基于健康信念模型（HBM）的健康教育方案对轻度认知障碍（MCI）患者的干预效果。方法 选取我院2024年8月至2025年11月期间在神经内科就诊的60例MCI患者作为研究对象，采用随机分组方式将其分为试验组与对照组。结果 试验组患者在干预后及随访期的MMSE和MoCA评分均显著优于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 以HBM理论为框架构建的护理干预方案，能够有效改善MCI患者的各方面指标，为老年MCI人群的护理实践提供了新的思路。
关键词： 健康信念模型；轻度认知障碍；非药物干预；认知功能；护理
Abstract
Objective To analyze the intervention effect of a health education program based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) on patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods Sixty MCI patients who visited the neurology department of our hospital from August 2024 to November 2025 were selected as the research subjects. They were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group. Results The MMSE and MoCA scores of the experimental group patients were significantly better than those of the control group after intervention and follow-up, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The nursing intervention plan constructed based on HBM theory can effectively improve various indicators of MCI patients and provide new ideas for nursing practice in elderly MCI population.
Key words： Health Belief Model; Mild cognitive impairment; Non pharmacological intervention; Cognitive function; Nursing
参考文献 References
[1] 史路平,姚水洪,王薇.中国老年人群轻度认知障碍患病率及发展趋势的Meta分析[J].中国全科医学,2022, 25(01):109-114.
[2] 宋姣,吴艳,彭涛,等.轻度认知障碍非药物干预治疗研究进展[J].华西医学,2023,38(03):465-469.
[3] 欧阳铮.构建老龄健康心理学的思考[J].老龄科学研究,2023,11(10):1-15.
[4] 汪凯,董强,郁金泰,等.卒中后认知障碍管理专家共识2021[J].中国卒中杂志,2021,16(04):376-389.
[5] 农青芳,陈国英,谢兴,等.老年痴呆非药物治疗研究进展[J].护理研究,2020,34(20):3669-3673.
[6] 韩璎,盛灿.重视主观认知下降的非药物干预[J].医学研究杂志,2020,49(02):1-5.
[7] 林梦岚,阮江海,吕志宇,等.轻度认知障碍患者就医延迟原因的质性研究[J].中国医药导报,2025,22(14):13-17.
[8] 胡丹丹,赵维纳,侯健文,等.HBM健康教育对血管性轻度认知障碍患者疾病不确定感的研究[J].牡丹江医学院学报,2021,42(02):167-169+180.