Application of evidence-based nursing intervention model in chronic nephritis care
循证护理干预模式在慢性肾炎护理中的应用效果

摘要

目的 本研究旨在系统评估循证护理干预模式在慢性肾炎患者护理中的应用效果，为优化临床护理方案提供依据。方法 选取2024年3月至2025年3月我院收治的69例慢性肾炎患者，随机分为实验组（35例）与对照组（34例）。对照组实施常规护理（包括病情监测、用药指导、饮食管理、基础护理及健康宣教）；实验组采用循证护理干预模式，通过“提出问题-证据检索-制定计划-实施调整”四步法，针对血压控制、蛋白尿减少、并发症预防及依从性提升等关键问题制定个性化方案，具体措施包括生活方式干预（运动指导、情绪管理）、精准饮食调整（蛋白质摄入优化）、多渠道健康宣教（微信群推送、电话随访）及并发症针对性护理（皮肤、口腔护理）。对比两组护理前后的肾功能指标（血肌酐、尿素氮）、临床症状改善情况（水肿、蛋白尿、血尿）及SF-36生活质量评分。结果 实验组在改善肾功能、缓解临床症状及提升生活质量方面均优于对照组，证实循证护理干预模式在慢性肾炎护理中具有显著优势。结论 循证护理组在改善肾功能、缓解临床症状及提升生活质量方面均显著优于常规护理组，证实循证护理干预模式在慢性肾炎护理中具有显著优势，值得临床推广。

Abstract

Objective This study aims to systematically evaluate the application effect of evidence-based nursing intervention mode in the nursing of patients with chronic nephritis, and provide a basis for optimizing clinical nursing plans.
Methods 69 patients with chronic nephritis admitted to our hospital from March 2024 to March 2025 were randomly divided into an experimental group (35 cases) and a control group (34 cases). The control group received routine nursing care (including disease monitoring, medication guidance, dietary management, basic nursing, and health education); The experimental group adopted an evidence-based nursing intervention model, using the four step method of "raising questions evidence retrieval plan implementation adjustment" to develop personalized plans for key issues such as blood pressure control, proteinuria reduction, complication prevention, and compliance improvement. Specific measures included lifestyle interventions (exercise guidance, emotional management), precise dietary adjustments (protein intake optimization), multi-channel health education (WeChat group push, telephone follow-up), and targeted care for complications (skin and oral care). Compare the renal function indicators (creatinine, urea nitrogen), clinical symptom improvement (edema, proteinuria, hematuria), and SF-36 quality of life score between two groups before and after nursing care.
Results The experimental group was superior to the control group in improving kidney function, alleviating clinical symptoms, and enhancing quality of life, confirming that the evidence-based nursing intervention model has significant advantages in the care of chronic nephritis.
Conclusion   the evidence-based nursing group is significantly better than the conventional nursing group in improving renal function, alleviating clinical symptoms and improving the quality of life, which proves that the evidence-based nursing intervention mode has significant advantages in the nursing of chronic nephritis, and is worthy of clinical promotion.