摘要
目的 探究多学科协作康复护理在缺血性脑卒中吞咽障碍老年患者中的应用效果，分析其对患者吞咽功能恢复、营养状况改善及并发症发生情况的影响。方法 选取2024年5月2025年5月本院收治的缺血性脑卒中合并吞咽障碍老年患者80例，采用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组各40例。对照组实施常规护理；观察组采用多学科协作康复护理模式。观察并记录两组患者干预前后吞咽功能评分、血清白蛋白水平、并发症发生例数。结果 干预后，观察组吞咽功能评分（8.2±1.5）分高于对照组（5.3±1.2）分，血清白蛋白水平（38.6±2.1）g/L高于对照组（34.2±1.8）g/L，吸入性肺炎、营养不良等并发症发生率为10.0%（4/40）低于对照组30.0%（12/40），（P<0.05）。结论 多学科协作康复护理能有效促进缺血性脑卒中吞咽障碍老年患者吞咽功能恢复，改善营养状况，降低并发症发生率。
关键词： 多学科协作；康复护理；缺血性脑卒中；吞咽障碍；老年患者
Abstract
Objective To explore the application effect of multidisciplinary collaborative rehabilitation nursing in elderly patients with swallowing disorders caused by ischemic stroke, and analyze its impact on the recovery of swallowing function, improvement of nutritional status, and occurrence of complications in patients. Methods Eighty elderly patients with ischemic stroke complicated with swallowing disorders admitted to our hospital from May 2024 to May 2025 were selected and randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, with 40 cases in each group, using a random number table method. The control group received routine nursing care; The observation group adopted a multidisciplinary collaborative rehabilitation nursing model. Observe and record the swallowing function scores, serum albumin levels, and incidence of complications in two groups of patients before and after intervention. Results After intervention, the swallowing function score of the observation group (8.2±1.5) was higher than that of the control group (5.3±1.2), and the serum albumin level (38.6±2.1) g/L was higher than that of the control group (34.2±1.8) g/L. The incidence of complications such as aspiration pneumonia and malnutrition was 10.0% (4/40) lower than that of the control group (30.0% (12/40), (P<0.05). Conclusion Multidisciplinary collaborative rehabilitation nursing can effectively promote the recovery of swallowing function, improve nutritional status, and reduce the incidence of complications in elderly patients with swallowing disorders caused by ischemic stroke.
Key words： Multidisciplinary collaboration; Rehabilitation nursing; Ischemic stroke; Swallowing disorders; Elderly patients
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