Evaluation of the impact of health education on the popularization rate of hepatitis B prevention knowledge
健康教育对乙肝预防知识普及率的影响评价

摘要

目的 探讨系统化健康教育干预在提高居民乙肝预防知识普及率中的应用效果。方法 选取2023年1月—2025年1月期间，54名常住居民作为研究对象。按随机数字表法将研究对象分为两组。对照组采用常规健康宣教（发放宣传手册），观察组在对照组基础上实施为期10周的系统化健康教育。包括分层次专题讲座、情景模拟演练、新媒体互动宣教及个性化咨询指导，干预周期为10周。评估两组居民对乙肝传播途径、预防措施、并发症及危害的知晓情况，两组疫苗接种率以及人口学因素影响。结果 观察组居民对途径知晓、预防措施知晓、并发症及危害知晓、总知晓率高于对照组，差异具有统计学意义P＜0.05；观察组疫苗接种率显著高于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）；文化程度较高、年龄<40岁的人群知识知晓率提升更为明显（P<0.05）。结论 系统化健康教育可有效提升居民对乙肝预防知识的认知水平，显著提高知识普及率，对降低乙肝感染风险、推动乙肝防控工作具有重要实践意义。

Abstract

Objective To explore the application effect of systematic health education intervention in improving the popularization rate of hepatitis B prevention knowledge among residents.
Methods 54 permanent residents from January 2023 to January 2025 were selected as the research subjects. Divide the research subjects into two groups using the random number table method. The control group received routine health education (distributing promotional brochures), while the observation group received a 10 week systematic health education based on the control group. Including hierarchical thematic lectures, scenario simulation exercises, new media interactive education, and personalized counseling guidance, the intervention period is 10 weeks. The awareness of hepatitis B transmission routes, preventive measures, complications and hazards, vaccination rates and demographic factors of the two groups of residents were evaluated.
Results The residents in the observation group had a higher awareness of pathways, preventive measures, complications and hazards, and an overall awareness rate than the control group, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05); The vaccination rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); The knowledge awareness rate of the population with higher educational level and age<40 years old has increased more significantly (P<0.05).
Conclusion   Systematic health education can effectively improve residents' awareness of hepatitis B prevention knowledge, significantly improve the prevalence of knowledge, and has important practical significance in reducing the risk of hepatitis B infection and promoting the prevention and control of hepatitis B.