Characteristics and related factors of pulmonary ventilation dysfunction in garment processing workers in a provincial hospital in Guangzhou
广州市某省属医院服装加工从业患者肺通气功能障碍特征及相关因素分析

摘要

目的 了解广州市服装加工从业者肺通气功能障碍发生率、分型特征及相关因素分析，为职业人群健康保护提供参考。方法 采用横断面研究设计，选取在广州市某省属医院呼吸与危重症医学科就诊的服装加工从业者为研究对象，测定其肺功能状况并确定障碍分型，通过自研问卷调查获得棉尘暴露史和暴露水平，经χ2检验、二元logistic回归确定影响因素。结果 肺通气功能障碍检出率为40.76%，类型以阻塞性和小气道功能障碍为主。限制性和阻塞性以轻度为主，混合性则以中、重度为主。从事非成衣工序、未严格坚持佩戴防护用具是独立的危险因素。结论 广州市服装加工从业者肺通气功能障碍发生率可能高于一般人群，应加强非成衣工人的自我防护依从性。

Abstract

Objective To investigate the incidence, types and related factors of pulmonary ventilation dysfunction in garment processing workers in Guangzhou, and to provide reference for occupational health improvement.
Methods A cross-sectional study design was used to select garment processing practitioners who were treated in the respiratory and critical care medicine department of a provincial hospital in Guangzhou as the study subjects. Their lung function status and the disorder types were determined. The cotton dust exposure history and level were obtained by self-designed questionnaires.
Results The detection rate of pulmonary ventilation dysfunction was 40.76%, and the main types were obstruction and small airway dysfunction. The limiting and blocking types were mainly mild, and the mixed types were mainly moderate and severe. Engaging in non-garment processing and not strictly adhering to protective equipment are independent risk factors.
Conclusion   The incidence of pulmonary ventilation dysfunction of garment processing workers in Guangzhou may be higher than that of the general population, and the self-protection compliance of non-garment workers should be strengthened.