Observation on the effect of sputum excretion in sitting and lateral position in tracheotomy nursing of neurosurgical patients
坐位与侧卧位排痰在神经外科病人气管切开护理中的应用效果观察

摘要

目的 分析对神经外科气管切开病人采用坐位与侧卧位排痰方式对护理效果的影响。方法 取2023年1月到2024年1月为研究时间，以同期在我院治疗的神经外科气管切开患者100例作为研究对象，患者均接受临床常规护理及胸背部叩击，并将患者分两组，目的是开展不同的排痰干预，并对比护理效果，将坐位排痰应用于研究组患者（50例），将侧卧位排痰应用于参照组患者（50例），观察并记录两组患者5d的排痰量及护理前后的身体指标，同时统计护理有效率及护理满意度，将临床相关数据整合，进行统计学比对，以此体现护理有效性，彰显本次研究目的。结果 对比两组患者5d的排痰量，研究组数据高于参照组（P＜0.05）；两组患者护理后呼吸、脉搏、血氧饱和度、PaO₂、PaCO₂相关身体指标对比，存在明显性差异（P＜0.05 ）；两组护理有效率对比，总有效率研究组高于参照组（P＜0.05）；两组护理满意度对比，总满意率研究组高于参照组（P＜0.05）。结论 对神经外科气管切开病人采用坐位与侧卧位排痰方式对护理效果的影响具有一定差异性，经研究对比，采用坐位排痰方式效果更理想，有助于患者更好的排痰，促进身体指标改善，提升护理效果，增强护理满意度，建议推广。

Abstract

Objective To analyze the effect of sputum excretion in sitting position and lateral position on nursing effect of patients with tracheotomy in neurosurgery.
Methods From January 2023 to January 2024, 100 cases of neurosurgical tracheotomy patients treated in our hospital during the same period were selected as the study objects. All patients received routine clinical nursing and thoracolepback percussion, and the patients were divided into two groups to carry out different expectoration interventions and compare the nursing effects. Sputum excretion in the sitting position was applied to the study group (50 cases), and the lateral position was applied to the reference group (50 cases). The sputum excretion volume of the two groups at 5 days and the physical indicators before and after nursing were observed and recorded. Meanwhile, the nursing efficiency and nursing satisfaction were calculated, and relevant clinical data were integrated and statistically compared to reflect the nursing effectiveness and demonstrate the purpose of this study.
Results The sputum output in the study group was higher than that in the reference group (P < 0.05). After nursing, there were significant differences in respiration, pulse, oxygen saturation, PaO₂ and PaCO₂ related body indexes between the two groups (P < 0.05). The total effective rate of the study group was higher than that of the reference group (P < 0.05). The total satisfaction rate of the study group was higher than that of the reference group (P < 0.05).
Conclusion   For patients with tracheotomy in neurosurgery, there is a certain difference in the effect of sputum excretion in sitting position and lateral position. Through research and comparison, the effect of sputum excretion in sitting position is more ideal, which is helpful to patients' better sputum excretion, promote the improvement of body indicators, improve nursing effect, and enhance nursing satisfaction.