Nursing care of PTA in maintenance hemodialysis patients with arteriovenous fistula stenosis
PTA治疗维持性血液透析患者动静脉内瘘狭窄的护理

摘要

目的 分析维持性血液透析患者临床经PTA治疗动静脉内瘘狭窄期间的护理方法，并总结护理效果。方法 本次研究针对2023年1月-2024年1月期间我院经PTA治疗动静脉内瘘狭窄的患者51例展开，其中25例接受常规治疗及常规护理干预归为参照组，另外26例在常规组患者临床干预的基础上开展综合性的护理干预，总结护理效果，统计患者临床相关指标（血红蛋白、白蛋白、磷、尿素清除）、患者并发症（低血压、内瘘栓塞、内瘘感染）、护理满意度等各项数据，并以此来判定临床应用护理措施的具体效果。结果 统计两组数据，两组患者血红蛋白、白蛋白、磷、尿素清除各指标对比研究组高于参照组（P＜0.05）；患者并发症总发生率，研究组3（11.54%），参照组17（68.00%），两组差异明显（P＜0.05）。患者总满意率，研究组25（96.15%），参照组19（76.00%），两组差异明显（P＜0.05）。结论 维持性血液透析患者临床经PTA治疗动静脉内瘘狭窄期间的护理需要从术前、术中、术后及长期护理等多个维度进行综合考量。通过综合性的护理干预，有利于优化患者临床指标，降低并发症，效果切实得到患者满意。

Abstract

Objective To analyze the clinical nursing methods of maintenance hemodialysis patients during the treatment of intra-arteriovenous fistula stenosis by PTA, and to summarize the nursing effect.
Methods This study was conducted on 51 patients with intra-arteriovenous fistula stenosis treated by PTA in our hospital from January 2023 to January 2024, of whom 25 patients received conventional treatment and routine nursing intervention were classified as the reference group, and the other 26 patients received comprehensive nursing intervention on the basis of clinical intervention in the conventional group, so as to summarize the nursing effect. The clinical indicators (hemoglobin, albumin, phosphorus, urea clearance), complications (hypotension, internal fistula embolism, internal fistula infection), nursing satisfaction and other data were collected to determine the specific effects of clinical nursing measures.
Results Statistical data of two groups, two groups of patients with hemoglobin, albumin, phosphorus and urea clearance indicators compared with the study group was higher than the reference group (P < 0.05); The total incidence of complications was 3 (11.54%) in the study group and 17 (68.00%) in the reference group, and the difference between the two groups was significant (P < 0.05). The total satisfaction rate of patients was 25 (96.15%) in the study group and 19 (76.00%) in the reference group, with significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05).
Conclusion   The clinical nursing of maintenance hemodialysis patients during the treatment of arteriovenous fistula stenosis by PTA should be comprehensively considered from multiple dimensions such as preoperative, intraoperative, postoperative and long-term nursing. Through comprehensive nursing intervention, it is beneficial to optimize the clinical indicators of patients, reduce complications, and effectively get the satisfaction of patients.