Preventive nursing effect of needle tract infection after external fixation of tibia and fibula fractures
胫腓骨骨折支架外固定术后针道感染的预防性护理效果

摘要

目的 探究对胫腓骨骨折患者行支架外固定术后针道感染的预防性护理效果。方法 抽取2022年10月-2023年10月期间我院收治的行支架外固定术治疗的胫腓骨骨折患者64例为研究对象，以随机信封法分为对照组与实验组两组，对照组接受常规术后护理，总计32例；实验组接受针道感染预防性护理，总计32例。对比指标：术后不同时点针道感染发生率、干预前后疼痛度（VAS）评分以及焦虑（SAS）、抑郁（SDS）评分。结果 在术后1周、6周、10周、拔针后，实验组针道感染发生率均显著低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；干预前，两组VAS评分、SAS评分以及SDS评分对比差异较小（P＞0.05），干预后，两组疼痛度评分和负性情绪评分均呈下降趋势，其中实验组的VAS评分、SAS评分和SDS评分降低幅度比对照组更大，有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 在实施支架外固定术的胫腓骨骨折患者中应用预防性护理干预价值较高，能有效降低患者术后针道感染发生风险，减少患者术后疼痛程度，改善其焦虑等负性情绪，提升术后护理效果。

Abstract

Objective To explore the preventive nursing effect of needle tract infection in patients with tibia-fibula fracture after stent external fixation.
Methods A total of 64 cases of patients with tibia and fibula fracture treated with stent external fixation in our hospital from October 2022 to October 2023 were selected as research objects, and were divided into control group and experimental group by random envelope method. The control group received routine postoperative care, with a total of 32 cases. The experimental group received preventive nursing care of needle tract infection, a total of 32 cases. Comparison indicators: The rate of needle tract infection at different points, the score of pain scale (VAS) before and after intervention, anxiety scale (SAS) and depression scale (SDS).
Results The incidence of needle tract infection in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group at 1 week, 6 weeks, 10 weeks and after needle removal, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Before intervention, VAS score, SAS score and SDS score had little difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). After intervention, pain score and negative emotion score of the two groups showed a downward trend, and VAS score, SAS score and SDS score of the experimental group decreased more than that of the control group, with statistical significance (P < 0.05).
Conclusion   The application of preventive nursing intervention in patients with tibia and fibula fractures undergoing stent external fixation is of high value, which can effectively reduce the risk of postoperative needle tract infection, reduce the degree of postoperative pain, improve their anxiety and other negative emotions, and enhance the effect of postoperative nursing.