Prevention effect of nasal jejunal tube and nursing countermeasures in elderly patients
老年患者留置鼻空肠管预防误吸效果及护理对策分析

摘要

目的 针对老年管饲饮食患者误吸情况实施干预，优化护理方案，总结护理对策。方法 针对50例老年管饲饮食患者为对象，其中25例为留置鼻胃管的患者，25例为留置鼻空肠管的患者。样本来源于2020年6月1日，截止为2022年5月30日的患者，按照管饲种类划分两个对比组，对照组为留置鼻胃管+常规护理，观察组为留置鼻空肠管+针对性护理，对比护理成果。结果 从数据可见，观察组患者在误吸发生率上低于对照组，具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；同时，在营养指标（血红蛋白、总蛋白、前清蛋白）上，两组患者在护理后观察组下降幅度得到控制，且观察组优于对照组，差异显著（P＜0.05）；最后，在护理满意度上，观察组患者以96%高于对照组的80%，差异显著（P＜0.05）。结论 老年留置鼻空肠管患者，采用针对性护理，能够降低误吸的发生率，提升患者的营养状态，并有助于患者病情逐步好转，值得推广。

Abstract

Objective To implement intervention, optimize nursing plan and summarize nursing countermeasures.
Methods For 50 elderly patients, 25 had nasogastric tube and 25 had nasojejunal tube. The samples were from patients on June 1,2020 and until May 30,2022 were divided into two comparison groups according to the type of tube feeding. The control group was indwelling nasogastric tube + routine care, and the observation group was indwelling naso-jejunal tube + targeted care, and the nursing results were compared.
Results From the data, the incidence of aspiration in the observation group was lower than that of the control group, which was statistically significant (P <0.05), and the nutritional index (hemoglobin, total protein, PGG) controlled the difference of the observation group (P <0.05); finally, the observation group was 96% higher than 80% of the control group, with significant difference (P <0.05).
Conclusion   For elderly patients with nasal-jejunal tube detention, targeted care can reduce the incidence of aspiration, improve the nutritional status of patients, and help the patients' condition to be gradually improved, which is worth promoting.