Research progress of negative emotion in perioperative patients
围手术期患者负性情绪的研究进展

摘要

负性情绪（negative affect，NA），也称消极情绪，是具有负性效价的情绪。它是反映个体主观紧张体验与不愉快投入的一般性情绪维度，包含了一系列令人厌恶的情绪体验，如愤怒、耻辱、厌恶、焦虑与恐惧等[1] 当个人的生理情绪是较为平稳或兴奋时，对自己的能力会有较正向的判断，但个人的生理情绪较为低落且焦虑不安时，自我效能也会因此被削弱[2]手术和麻醉作为强烈的应激源，可导致患者发生较大的生理和心理应激反应，增加术中负性情绪以及疼痛发生的风险。流行病学发现，焦虑贯穿整个围手术期[3]。围手术期护理通过多年的临床研究已被普遍认为是缓解患者负性情绪、改善患者应激反应的有效手段。本文对围手术期患者负性情绪的产生原因、对机体对影响及干预手段进行综述，为临床医护人员应对围术期患者负性情绪，促进患者快速康复提供参考。

Abstract

Negative emotion (NA), also known as negative emotion, is an emotion with negative potency. It is a general emotional dimension that reflects the individual's subjective nervous experience and unpleasant input, and includes a series of disgusting emotional experiences, such as anger, shame, disgust, anxiety and fear[1] when an individual's physiological mood is relatively stable or excited, he will have a more positive judgment on his own ability, but when the individual's physiological mood is relatively low and anxious, Self efficacy will also be weakened[2] surgery and anesthesia, as strong stressors, can cause patients to have greater physiological and psychological stress reactions and increase the risk of negative emotions and pain during surgery. Epidemiology has found that anxiety runs through the whole perioperative period[3]. Through many years of clinical research, perioperative nursing has been widely recognized as an effective means to relieve patients' negative emotions and improve patients' stress response. This article summarizes the causes of negative emotions of perioperative patients, the influence on the body and the intervention methods, so as to provide reference for clinical medical staff to deal with negative emotions of perioperative patients and promote rapid recovery of patients.